Search This Blog

Showing posts with label music. Show all posts
Showing posts with label music. Show all posts

Friday, June 3, 2016

MONTMARTRE

MONTMARTRE

Way back when I was a small boy, a 5th grader as I recall, my mother decided that it was time for me to be exposed to the arts rather than just the games that boys play; thus music lessons were in order as well as a change of bedroom décor – from model airplanes to famous paintings. In actuality, the model airplanes remained, only suspended in “flight” from the ceiling. There were two walls that she had to “play” with, the other two being occupied by a large picture window and a big, walk-in closet. One day she made a trip down to the Tro Harper bookstore on Powell Street (San Franciscans from my generation might remember that wonderful place) and returned with what she was certain were real treasures (albeit inexpensive). On one wall, she hung large, framed prints by Maurice Utrillo and on the other, framed prints by Vincent Van Gogh. Now these weren’t just the paper prints we commonly see today, but prints mounted on heavy, textured cardboard so as to give texture to the prints, as though they actually were paintings. And for years afterward, until I left at age eighteen, they hung there, and I looked at them, and wondered, and dreamed.
There was Utrillo’s 1938 Montmartre,
  


his 1937 Lapin Agile,
  


his 1934 Sacre-Coeur de Montmartre and Passage Cottin,

 

and lastly his 1914 Street in Paris.

 

To the right of those, on the next wall was my Van Gogh “collection”: Wheat Field and Cypresses (1889),
  


Starry Night (1889),
  


Café Terrace at Night (1888),
  


Irises (1889),
  


and just for good measure, upstairs, over the fireplace was Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers (1888).

  

Irises I wasn’t so excited about. What young boy really is; however, especially in summer, I used to look at Wheat Field and could easily imagine being right there — I could smell the wheat and the cypresses carried on a warm breeze. I used to imagine myself at one of the tables in Café Terrace at Night, on the Place du Forum in Arles, just watching the world go by. And Starry Night I could look at for hours — as though in a dream courtesy of Vincent. I found myself wanting to go to the Lapin Agile of Utrillo’s painting, and wanted to go inside, even though I had no idea what a lapin agile was or what the actual place was. I could imagine people walking past the wine and liquor store in his Montmartre, wondered what the church at the top of the butte in Sacre-Coeur de Montmartre was like inside, and wished I could go into the boulangerie in Street in Paris — I could almost smell the bread baking.
It was at about that same time that I became acquainted with Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec via John Houston’s 1952 production of Moulin Rouge with José Ferrer as Lautrec. What a marvelous movie; one in which Houston went to great lengths to match the appearance of actors and actresses with the characters of Lautrec’s Montmartre posters and paintings, not to mention the incredible detail paid to the interior shots of the cabarets and bars. His characters came alive and I was enthralled by their exoticism.

 

So one might say that in a sense I grew up in Montmartre, at least the Montmartre of the time of Van Gogh, Utrillo, Degas, and so many other artists, as well as the Montmartre of the Chat Noir, the Moulin Galette, and the Moulin Rouge. Montmartre was art, it was music, and was home to so many famous and some notorious folk that stirred the imagination. I went there once. Some visitors to France prefer the Louvre, or Versailles, or the Riviera, but not I. Montmartre was art and life at its grittiest, even then. I could almost hear the ghosts; for it was both wonderful and ghostly all at once. Truth be told, if I were to live in Paris, I would most certainly have to live in Montmartre — no other place would do.
There is a lot more to Montmartre than the average person realizes in terms of its history, art, music, and people. I made the district a sort of hobby and have studied it off and on through the decades, and I hope over the next few weeks to share some of what I have learned about this wonderful, ghostly, sinister and strange place.

Tuesday, May 17, 2016

CHILDREN’S CORNER by CLAUDE DEBUSSY

CHILDREN’S CORNER by CLAUDE DEBUSSY


Children’s Corner, a six movement suite for solo piano by Claude Debussy is my favorite composition for or about children next to Camille Saint-Saens’ Le Carnaval des animaux (Carnival of the Animals) which I will explore here at a later date. It was first published by Durand (Paris) in 1908 and premiered there, played by English pianist Harold Bauer, on December 18th of that year. Three years later, an orchestration of Children’s Corner by Debussy’s friend Andre Caplet made its premier.


The work is dedicated to Debussy’s young daughter, Claude-Emma, affectionately known to her father as “Chou-chou” who was only three years of age when it was written. Contrary to popular belief, the suite was not intended to be played by children but rather it was intended to be reminiscent of the pleasures of childhood as well as (interestingly) some of “Chou-chou’s” toys. She was born on October 30 of 1905 and has been described by those who knew her as “lively,” “friendly,” and as a little girl who was adored by her father — something one might not be inclined to expect about the otherwise tempestuous composer. But alas, she died of diphtheria on July 14, 1919, just one year after the passing of her father.


As I mentioned, there are six movements (short pieces really) to the suite, all titled in English; something which Debussy did in acknowledgement of “Chou-chou’s” British governess (and thus no French title for the suite itself). The pieces are in order:

Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum
Jimbo’s Lullaby
Serenade for the Doll
The Snow is Dancing
The Little Shepherd
Golliwogg’s Cakewalk My favorite of the six.)

DOCTOR GRADUS AD PARNASSUM
The title of this piece suggests “Gradus ad Parnassum” (Steps to Parnassus” by Johann Joseph Fux (1660 – 1741), the first counterpoint text in any modern sense of the term and one of the greatest school texts in European music up until that time and Muzio Clementi’s “Gradus ad Parnassum” which is still used. Debussy’s piece is a study in finger independence; where, especially in the middle, the pianist slows down and tries various keys. It is somewhat difficult to play unless one’s fingers are quite skillful and gets wilder toward the end.

JIMBO’S LULLABY
Actually it should be “Jumbo” but French pronunciation sometimes confuses “um” with “un” and with “im” and “in.” Be that as it may, Jimbo was an elephant who lived briefly in the Jardin des Plantes in Paris around time Debussy was born. As a reminiscence of his childhood, it is a wonderful lullaby but with some dark moments.

SERENADE OF THE DOLL
Noted to be played moderately fast…but not too fast (Allegretto ma non troppo) and played with the soft peddle throughout, the piece describes an Asian porcelain doll, probably Chinese, and features the Chinese pentatonic scale.

THE SNOW IS DANCING
A difficult piece with the melody being carried by both left and right hands. Somewhat dark at times, particularly in the middle, it depicts falling snow and faint objects seen through it.

THE LITTLE SHEPHERD

Simple enough, this piece represents a shepherd with his flute — actually three solos and “commentaries” after them, with a lot of dissonance.


GOLLIWOGG’S CAKEWALK
At the time of its composition, Golliwogs were all the rage, due in part to the popularity of the novels of Florence Kate Upton. They were stuffed, black dolls with red paints, red bow ties, and wild hair. This is ostensibly a ragtime piece (also quite popular at the time) with syncopations, a large dynamic range, and various effects. Listen carefully for occasional interruptions by the love-death motif of Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde followed by imitations of a banjo. A “cakewalk” itself was a dance or actually more of a strut often seen in dance competitions of the time in which the dancer with the most elaborate steps one a cake — hence the phrase “took the cake.”

Piano Version:


Orchestral Version:








Sunday, April 17, 2016

ALBERT KETELBEY



I am almost certain that you have heard the man’s music, but probably never heard his name. As I recall, the first time I ever heard one of his most popular pieces was when I was seven years old, at a dance recital in which my cousin Dianne was a participant. The melody stuck with me and since then I have often (and fondly) listened to it, primarily as a band piece played by some municipal band, such as the San Francisco Municipal Band at their Golden Gate Park summer concerts. However now that I think about it, I hadn’t heard it for some years; yet, the melody immediately popped into my head when I saw that the now Golden Gate Park Band had announced its 2016 schedule. The melody was that of In a Persian Market and the composer was Albert Ketelbey (August 9, 1875 – November 26, 1959)


A composer, conductor, and pianist, he was born in Birmingham, England and moved to London in 1889 where he studied at the Trinity College of Music, and where his abilities set him far apart from his classmates. After graduation however, he surprised almost everyone by pursuing work not in classical music but as the musical director of the Vaudeville Theater. Ultimately he gained fame as the composer of some of England’s most favorite light music, what could have been considered “pop tunes” of the day, and as a conductor of his own works.


He also worked for many years for several music publishers such as the Columbia Graphophone Company, as an arranger and orchestrator, and later wrote music for silent films. While his pieces in the orthodox classical style of the day were often widely appreciated, it was his light orchestral pieces that made him famous. One of his earliest pieces, In a Monastery Garden (1915) actually sold over a million copies and brought him considerable notoriety. He followed this with In a Persian Market (1920), Cockney Suite (1924), In the Mystic Land of Egypt (1931), and In a Chinese Temple Garden (1932) — best sellers all, both in print and on records, which made him a millionaire. (See Below)


It was during World War II that his popularity began to decline along with his originality; indeed, much of his post-war works were actually reworked versions of older pieces. Ultimately he retired, in 1949, to the Isle of Wight where he remained until his passing.



In a Monastery Garden


In a Chinese Temple Garden


In the Mystic Land of Egypt